UNRIC Library Backgrounder: “Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict” – Selected Online Resources

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Protection of civilians in armed conflict: Reports of the Secretary-General

• S/2023/345 (12 May 2023): http://undocs.org/S/2023/345
• S/2022/381 (10 May 2022): http://undocs.org/S/2022/381
• S/2021/423 (3 May 2021): http://undocs.org/S/2021/423
• S/2020/366 (6 May 2020): http://undocs.org/S/2020/366
• S/2019/373 (7 May 2019): https://undocs.org/S/2019/373
• S/2018/462 (14 May 2018): http://undocs.org/S/2018/462
• S/2017/414 (10 May 2017): http://undocs.org/S/2017/414
• S/2016/447 (13 May 2016): http://undocs.org/S/2016/447
• S/2015/453 (18 June 2015): http://undocs.org/S/2015/453
• S/2013/689 (22 November 2013): http://undocs.org/S/2013/689
• S/2012/376  (22 May 2012): http://undocs.org/S/2012/376
• S/2010/579 (11 November 2010): http://undocs.org/S/2010/579
• S/2009/277 (29 May 2009): http://undocs.org/S/2009/277
• S/2007/643 (28 October 2007): http://undocs.org/S/2007/643
• S/2005/740 (28 November 2005): http://undocs.org/S/2005/740
• S/2004/431 (28 May 2004): http://undocs.org/S/2004/431
• S/2002/1300 (26 November 2002): http://undocs.org/S/2002/1300
• S/2001/331 (30 March 2001): http://undocs.org/S/2001/331
• S/1999/957 (8 September 1999): http://undocs.org/S/1999/957

Security Council Meetings: “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”
(links to meeting records, presidential statements, resolutions, and press releases)

• 2024: 20 March, 27 February
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2024
• 2023: 23 May
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2023
  • S/2023/307 (3 May 2023): Letter dated 1 May 2023 from the Permanent Representative of Switzerland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: https://undocs.org/S/2023/307
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council high-level open debate at the ministerial level on “Ensuring the security and dignity of civilians in conflict: addressing food insecurity and protecting essential services”, to be held on 23 May 2023.
• 2022: 15 September, 25 May, 25 January
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2022
  • S/2022/23 (10 January 2022): Letter dated 10 January 2022 from the Permanent Representative of Norway to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2022/23
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council high-level open debate on the topic “War in cities : protection of civilians in urban settings”, to be held on 25 Jan. 2022.
• 2021: 16 July, 25 May, 27 April
  https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/meetings-2020-vtc
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2021
  • S/2021/618 (2 July 2021): Letter dated 1 July 2021 from the Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2021/618
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on the topic “Protection of humanitarian space”, to be held on 16 July 2021.
  • S/2021/468 (14 May 2021): Letter dated 14 May 2021 from the Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2021/468
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on the topic “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”, to be held on 25 May 2021.
  • S/RES/2573 (2021): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2573(2021)
    on protection of civilian infrastructure in armed conflicts
  • S/2021/335 (7 April 2021): Letter dated 6 April 2021 from the Permanent Representative of Viet Nam to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2021/335
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on the topic “Protection of objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population”, to be held on 27 Apr. 2021.
• 2020: 17 September, 27 May, 29, 21 April
  https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/meetings-2020-vtc
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2020
  • S/2020/402 (8 May 2020): Letter dated 14 May 2020 from the Permanent Representative of Estonia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2020/402
    Transmits concept note and guidelines for the Security Council open high-level video teleconference on the topic “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”, to be held on 27 May 2020.
  • S/PRST/2020/6 (29 April 2020): Statement [made on behalf of the Security Council, issued on 29 Apr. 2020, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”]: http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2020/6
  • S/2020/340 (29 April 2020): Letter dated 23 April 2020 from the President of the Security Council addressed to the Secretary-General and the Permanent Representatives of the members of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2020/340
    Transmits copy of the briefings by the Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organization, the Executive Director of the World Food Programme and the Secretary General of the Norwegian Refugee Council and of the statements delivered by the representatives of Belgium, China, Dominican Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Indonesia, Niger, Russian Federation, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, South Africa, Tunisia, United Kingdom, United States and Viet Nam, in connection with the videoconference convened on 21 Apr. 2020.
• 2019: 20, 11 June, 23 May
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2019
  • S/2019/588 (24 July 2019): Letter dated 19 July 2019 from the Permanent Representative of Indonesia to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2019/588
    Transmits summary of events held by Member States on the sidelines of the Security Council open debate on the topic “Protection of civilians in armed conflict” on 21, 22 and 24 May 2019.
  • S/2019/586 (23 July 2019): Letter dated 5 July 2019 from the Permanent Representative of Indonesia to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2019/586
    Transmits summary of the Security Council open debate on the topic “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”, held 23 May 2019.
  • S/RES/2475 (2019): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2475(2019)
    on protection of persons with disabilities in armed conflict
  • S/RES/2474 (2019): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2474(2019)
    on persons missing as a result of armed conflict
  • S/2019/458 (3 June 2019): https://undocs.org/S/2019/458
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council briefing on the subject “Missing persons in armed conflict” on 11 June 2019.
  • S/2019/385 (14 May 2019): https://undocs.org/S/2019/385
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on the theme “Protection of civilians in armed conflict” on 23 May 2019.
• 2018: 21 September, 24, 22 May
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2018
  • S/PRST/2018/18: Statement / by the President of the Security Council [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 8359th meeting, 21 Sept. 2018, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”]: http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2018/18
    Transmits updated Aide Memoire for the consideration of issues pertaining to the protection of civilians in armed conflict.
  • S/2018/684 (10 July 2018): Letter dated 29 June 2018 from the Permanent Representative of Poland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2018/684
    Transmits presidential summary of the Security Council open debate on the topic “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”, held on 22 May 2018.
  • S/RES/2417 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2417(2018)
    on conflict-induced food insecurity
  • S/2018/444 (10 May 2018): Letter dated 9 May 2018 from the Permanent Representative of Poland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2018/444
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council Ministerial open debate on the subject “Protection of civilians in armed conflict” on 22 May 2018.
• 2017: 25 May
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2017
  • Secretary-General says ‘No one is winning today’s wars, everybody is losing’, as Security Council debates Protection of civilians in armed conflict (SG/SM/18537-SC/12842-HR/5362, 25 May 2017): http://www.un.org/press/en/2017/sgsm18537.doc.htm
  • S/2017/365 (28 April 2017): Letter dated 26 April 2017 from the Permanent Representative of Uruguay to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2017/365
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on the topic “Protection of civilians and medical care in armed conflict”, to be held on 25 May 2017.
• 2016: 28 September, 10 June, 3 May, 19 January
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2016
  • S/2016/722 (18 August 2016): Letter dated 18 August 2016 from the Secretary-General addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2016/722
    Transmits recommendations pursuant to para. 13 of Security Council resolution 2286 (2016) on measures to protect medical care in armed conflicts.
  • S/2016/503: http://undocs.org/S/2016/503
    Transmits concept note prepared for the High-level open debate on protecting civilians in the context of peacekeeping operations, held 10 June 2016.
  • S/RES/2286 (2016): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2286(2016)
    on protection of the wounded and sick, medical personnel and humanitarian personnel in armed conflict
  • S/2016/22 (8 January 2016): http://undocs.org/S/2016/22
    Transmits concept note prepared by Uruguay for the Security Council open debate on the protection of civilians in armed conflict, held on 18 January 2016.
• 2015: 25 November, 27 May, 30 January
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2015
  • S/PRST/2015/23: Statement / by the President of the Security Council [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 7568th meeting, 25 Nov. 2015, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”]: http://www.un.org/press/en/2015/sc12138.doc.htm
  • S/RES/2222 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2222(2015)
    on protection of journalists and associated media personnel in armed conflict
  • S/2015/307 (1 May 2015): http://undocs.org/S/2015/307
    Transmits note prepared by Lithuania for the Security Council open debate on the protection of journalists in conflict situations, held on 27 May 2015.
  • S/2015/32 (19 January 2015): http://undocs.org/S/2015/32
    Transmits concept note prepared by Chile for the Security Council open debate on the protection of civilians in armed conflict: protection challenges and needs faced by women and girls in armed conflict and post-conflict settings (30 January 2015).
• 2014: 29 August, 19 August, 12 February
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2014
  • S/RES/2175 (2014): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2175(2014)
  • S/2014/571 (6 August 2014): http://undocs.org/S/2014/571
    Transmits concept note prepared by the United Kingdom for Security Council open briefing on World Humanitarian Day, 19 Aug. 2014, focusing on the protection of humanitarian workers, under the agenda item on the protection of civilians in armed conflict.
  • S/PRST/2014/3: Statement / by the President of the Security Council [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 7109th meeting, 12 Feb. 2014, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”]: http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2014/3
  • S/2014/74 (3 February 2014): http://undocs.org/S/2014/74
    Transmits concept note prepared by Lithuania for the Security Council open debate on the subject “Protection of civilians in armed conflict” on 12 February 2014.
• 2013: 19 August, 17 July, 12 February
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2013
  • S/2013/447 (1 August 2013): http://undocs.org/S/2013/447
    Transmits concept note prepared by Argentina for the Security Council open debate on the subject “Protection of civilians in armed conflict” on 19 August 2013.
  • S/2013/393 (3 July 2013): http://undocs.org/S/2013/393
    Transmits concept paper entitled “Protection of civilians in armed conflict: protection of journalists” prepared by the United States for the open debate of the Security Council on 17 July 2013.
  • S/PRST/2013/2: Statement / by the President of the Security Council [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 6917th meeting, 12 Feb. 2013, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”]: http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2013/2
  • S/2013/75 (5 February 2013): http://undocs.org/S/2013/75
    Transmits concept note prepared by the Republic of Korea for the Security Council open debate on the protection of civilians in armed conflict on 12 February 2013.
• 2012: 25 June
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2012
• 2011: 9 November, 10 May
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2011
• 2010: 22 November, 7 July
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2010
  • S/PRST/2010/25: Statement / by the President of the Security Council [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 6427th meeting, 22 Nov. 2010, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”]: http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2010/255
    Annex: “Protection of civilians in armed conflict: Aide Memoire”
• 2009: 11 November, 26 June, 14 January
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2009
  • S/2009/567 (3 November 2009): http://undocs.org/S/2009/567
    Transmits concept paper for the Security Council open debate on the theme “Protection of civilians in armed conflict”, to be held on 11 Nov. 2009 under the Austrian Presidency of the Security Council.
• Further information: “Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council”
  https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/repertoire/thematic-items#P
  • Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict Dashboard: https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/repertoire/research-tools/protection-civilians-armed-conflict

Children and armed conflict: Reports of the Secretary-General

• A/77/895-S/2023/363 (5 June 2023): http://undocs.org/A/77/895
• A/76/871-S/2022/493 (23 June 2022): http://undocs.org/A/76/871
• A/75/873-S/2021/437 (6 May 2021): http://undocs.org/A/75/873
• A/74/845-S/2020/525 (9 June 2020): http://undocs.org/A/74/845
• A/73/907-S/2019/509 (20 June 2019): http://undocs.org/A/73/907
• A/72/865-S/2018/465 (16 May 2018): http://undocs.org/A/72/865
• A/72/361-S/2017/821 (24 Aug. 2017): http://undocs.org/A/72/361
• A/70/836/Add.1-S/2016/360/Add.1 (24 June 2016): http://undocs.org/A/70/836/Add.1
• A/70/836-S/2016/360 (20 April 2016): http://undocs.org/A/70/836
• A/69/926-S/2015/409 (5 June 2015): http://undocs.org/A/69/926
• A/68/878-S/2014/339 (15 May 2014): http://undocs.org/A/68/878
• A/67/845-S/2013/245 (15 May 2013): http://undocs.org/A/67/845
• A/66/782-S/2012/261 (26 April 2012): http://undocs.org/A/66/782
• A/65/820-S/2011/250 (23 April 2011): http://undocs.org/A/65/820
• A/64/742-S/2010/181 (13 April 2010): http://undocs.org/A/64/742
• A/63/785/Corr.1-S/2009/158/Corr.1 (13 August 2009): http://undocs.org/A/63/785/Corr.1
• A/63/785-S/2009/158 (26 March 2009): http://undocs.org/A/63/785
• A/62/609-S/2007/757 (21 December 2007): http://undocs.org/A/62/609
• A/61/529/Corr.1-S/2006/826/Corr.1 (5 December 2006): http://undocs.org/A/61/529/Corr.1
• A/61/529-S/2006/826 (26 October 2006): http://undocs.org/A/61/529
• A/59/695-S/2005/72 (9 February 2005): http://undocs.org/A/59/695
• A/58/546/Corr.2-S/2003/1053/Corr.2 (19 April 2004): http://undocs.org/A/58/546/Corr.2
• A/58/546/Corr.1-S/2003/1053/Corr.1 (20 February 2004): http://undocs.org/A/58/546/Corr.1
• A/58/546-S/2003/1053 (10 November 2003): http://undocs.org/A/58/546
• S/2002/1299 (26 November 2002): http://undocs.org/S/2002/1299
• A/56/342-S/2001/852 (7 September 2001): http://undocs.org/A/56/342
• A/55/163-S/2000/712 (19 July 2000): http://undocs.org/A/55/163

Security Council Meeting: “Children and armed conflict”
(links to meeting records, presidential statements, resolutions, and press releases)

• Working Group on Children and Armed Conflict
  https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/subsidiary/wgcaac
• 2024: 3 April
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2024
  • S/2024/265 (26 March 2024): Letter dated 25 March 2024 from the Permanent Representative of Malta to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: https://undocs.org/S/2024/265
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on “Addressing the consequences of the denial of humanitarian access for children”, to be held on 3 Apr. 2024.
• 2023: 5 July, 19 February
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2023
  • S/2023/470 (23 June 2023): Letter dated 23 June 2023 from the Permanent Representative of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: https://undocs.org/S/2023/470
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on “Children and armed conflict: how to prevent and respond to grave violations against children in armed conflict”, to be held 5 July 2023.
  • A/77/825-S/2023/233 (3 April 2023): Identical letters dated 30 March 2023 from the Permanent Representative of Malta to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council: https://undocs.org/S/2023/233 Transmits non-paper summarizing the Security Council briefing on “Children and armed conflict: prevention of grave violations”, held on 13 Feb. 2023.
  • S/2023/80 (2 February 2023): Letter dated 2 February 2023 from the Permanent Representative of Malta to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: https://undocs.org/S/2023/80
    Transmits concept paper for the Security Council briefing on “Children and armed conflict: prevention of grave violations”, to be held on 13 Feb. 2023.
• 2022: 19 July
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2022
  • S/2022/540 (6 July 2023): Letter dated 5 July 2022 from the Permanent Representative of Brazil to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: https://undocs.org/S/2022/540
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council high-level open debate on “Children and armed conflict”, to be held 19 July 2022.   
• 2021: 29 October
  https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/meetings-2020-vtc
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2021
  • S/RES/2601 (2021): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2601(2021)
    on children and armed conflict    
  • S/2021/541 (8 June 2021): Letter dated 8 June 2021 from the Permanent Representative of Estonia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General and the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2021/541
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council high-level open debate on the topic “Children and armed conflict”, to be held on 28 June 2021.
• 2020: 10 September, 24 June, 12 February
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2020
  • S/2020/881 (3 September 2020): Letter dated 1 September 2020 from the Permanent Representative of the Niger to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2020/881
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on the topic “Children and armed conflict : attacks against schools as a grave violation of children’s rights”, to be held on 10 Sept. 2020.
  • Security Council Press Statement on Occasion of Fifteenth Anniversary of Adoption of Resolution 1612 (2005) on Children and Armed Conflict (SC/14224, 23 June 2020): https://www.un.org/press/en/2020/sc14224.doc.htm
  • ‘We must all do more’ to protect children in armed conflict: UN chief (UN News Centre, 12 February 2020): https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/02/1057251
  • S/PRST/2020/3 Statement / by the President of the Security Council [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 8721nd meeting, 12 Febr., in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Children and armed conflict”]:
    https://undocs.org/en/S/PRST/2020/3
  • S/2020/97 (5 February 2020): Letter dated 5 February 2020 from the Permanent Representative of Belgium to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: https://undocs.org/en/S/2020/97
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council briefing on the topic “Children and armed conflict: integrating child protection into peace processes”, held on 12 February 2020.
• 2019: 2 August
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2019
• 2018: 9 July
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2018
  • S/RES/2427 (2018): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2427(2018)

• 2017: 31 October
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2017
  • S/PRST/2017/21: Statement / by the President of the Security Council  [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 8082nd meeting, 31 Oct. 2017, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Children and armed conflict”]: http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2017/21
• 2016: 2 August
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2016
  • S/2016/662 (29 July 2016): Letter dated 29 July 2016 from the Permanent Representative of Malaysia to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/S/2016/662
    Transmits concept note for the Security Council open debate on children and armed conflict, prepared by Malaysia.
• 2015: 18 June, 25 March
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2015
  • S/RES/2225 (2015): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2225(2015)
  • S/2015/402 (2 June 2015): http://undocs.org/S/2015/402
    Transmits concept note for the open debate on children and armed conflict, prepared by Malaysia.
  • S/2015/168 (6 March 2015): http://undocs.org/S/2015/168
    Transmits concept note for the open debate on child victims of non-State armed groups, prepared by France.
• 2014: 7 March
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2014
  • S/RES/2143 (2014): http://undocs.org/S/RES/2143(2014)
    on protection of humanitarian personnel and UN and associated personnel in armed conflict
  • S/2014/144 (3 March 2014): http://undocs.org/S/2014/144
    Transmits concept note for the open debate prepared by Luxembourg.
• 2013: 17 June
  http://research.un.org/en/docs/sc/quick/meetings/2013
  • S/PRST/2013/8: Statement / by the President of the Security Council: [made on behalf of the Security Council, at the 6980th meeting, 17 June 2013, in connection with the Council’s consideration of the item entitled “Children and armed conflict”]:  http://undocs.org/S/PRST/2013/8
• Further information: “Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council”:
  https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/repertoire/thematic-items#C

Selected UN Publications & further UN documents

• UN documents on “UN Action against Sexual Violence in Conflict”: https://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/digital-library/reports/
• Policy Brief on the Security Council’s Consideration of the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict (2019 – 2023): https://reliefweb.int/report/world/policy-brief-security-councils-consideration-protection-civilians-armed-conflict-2019-2023
• OCHA On Message: Protection (November 2020): https://www.unocha.org/node/900
• Practical guidance for mediators to protect children in situations of armed conflict (February 2020): https://bit.ly/3aMqrEs
• E/CN.6/2020/7 (16 December 2019): Release of women and children taken hostage, including those subsequently imprisoned, in armed conflicts: report of the Secretary-General: http://undocs.org/E/CN.6/2020/7
• Building a Culture of Protection: 20 years of Security Council Engagement on the Protection of Civilians (OCHA Policy and Studies Series, May 2019): https://bit.ly/3gNia7b
• S/2019/100 (31 January 2019): Letter dated 31 January 2019 from the representatives of Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Switzerland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Uruguay to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council: http://undocs.org/S/2019/100
  Transmits joint letter by members of the Group of Friends on the Protection of Civilians in armed conflict on marking the 20th anniversary of Security Council resolutions related to the protection of civilians in armed conflict in 2019.
• A/70/709 (2 February 2016): One humanity: shared responsibility : report of the Secretary-General for the World Humanitarian Summit: http://undocs.org/A/70/709,
  http://sgreport.worldhumanitariansummit.org/
• A/68/787 (7 March 2014): Evaluation of the implementation and results of protection of civilians mandates in United Nations peacekeeping operations: Report of the Office of Internal Oversight Services; “Peacekeeping missions with protection of civilians mandates focus on prevention and mitigation activities and force is almost never used to protect civilians under attack”: http://undocs.org/A/68/787
• Aide Memoire for the consideration of issues pertaining to the protection of civilians in armed conflict – 6th edition (OCHA, Policy and Studies Series, 2016): https://www.unocha.org/sites/unocha/files/Aide%20Memoire%202016%20II_0.pdf
• 20 years to better protect children affected by conflict (Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict, 2016): https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4015522
• Security Council Norms and Practice on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict: Analysis of Normative Developments in Security Council Resolutions 2009-2013 (OCHA Policy and Studies Series, May 2014): https://bit.ly/32Z44rg
• Protect schools + hospitals : guidance note on Security Council Resolution 1998 (Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict, 2014): https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/4016099
• Enhancing Protection Capacity: Policy Guide to the Responsibility to Protect and the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflicts (UNU, 2012): http://i.unu.edu/media/unu.edu/publication/31142/R2P_POC_Policy_Guide.pdf
• International Legal Protection of Human Rights in Armed Conflict (OHCHR, 2011):  http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/HR_in_armed_conflict.pdf
• Children and conflict (Disarmament forum, three, 2011):  http://www.unidir.org/files/publications/pdfs/children-and-conflict-en-315.pdf
• Protecting Civilians in the Context of UN Peacekeeping Operations: Successes, Setbacks and Remaining Challenges / Victoria Holt and Glyn Taylor with Max Kelly (Independent study jointly commissioned by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, November 2009): https://bit.ly/3aPZVtX
• A New Partnership Agenda: Charting a New Horizon for UN Peacekeeping (Department of Peacekeeping Operations and Department of Field Support, July 2009): https://peacekeeping.un.org/sites/default/files/newhorizon_0.pdf
• Reports on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict in Afghanistan (UNAMA): https://unama.unmissions.org/protection-of-civilians-reports

Further Information

• Audiovisual Library of International Law
  • Lecture Series – Law of Armed Conflict: https://legal.un.org/avl/ls/lectures.html
  • Child Rights, Conflict, and International Criminal Justice / Diane Marie Amann: https://legal.un.org/avl/ls/Amann_HR.html
• United Nations Peacekeeping – Protection of Civilians: https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/protecting-civilians
  • Strengthening protection: 20 years of Protection of Civilians in UN Peacekeeping (22 October 2019): http://bit.ly/2oVDy1I
• Report of the Panel on United Nations Peace Operations (“Brahimi Report”): https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/reforming-peacekeeping
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) – Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict: http://www.refworld.org/civilians.html
• United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) – Themes – Protection: http://www.unocha.org/themes/protection
  • UN launches report on the protection of civilians in armed conflict (27 May 2020): https://www.unocha.org/story/un-launches-report-protection-civilians-armed-conflict
  • Time to move beyond the rhetoric of protecting civilians in conflict (27 May 2020): https://www.unocha.org/story/blog-time-move-beyond-rhetoric-protecting-civilians-conflict
  • Persons with disabilities in armed conflict: Inclusive protection (25 May 2020): https://www.unocha.org/story/persons-disabilities-armed-conflict-inclusive-protection
• Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict: http://childrenandarmedconflict.un.org/
  • ACT TO PROTECT children affected by armed conflict: https://childrenandarmedconflict.un.org/act-to-protect-children-affected-by-armed-conflict/
  • In interview, senior UN official says accountability key to preventing child deaths in conflict (UN News Centre, 16 June 2015): https://www.icrc.org/en/what-we-do/protecting-civilians
• Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict: http://www.un.org/sexualviolenceinconflict/
• United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
  • Armed conflict: https://www.unicef.org/topics/armed-conflict
  • Children Under Attack: https://www.unicef.org/children-under-attack
  • Children recruited by armed forces or armed groups: https://www.unicef.org/protection/children-recruited-by-armed-forces
• UN Women – Peace and Security: http://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/peace-and-security
• ‘Respect Rules of War’– leaders urged to recommit to protecting civilians at UN World Humanitarian Summit (UN News Centre Feature, 17 May 2016): https://news.un.org/en/story/2016/05/529492
• The United Nations and the Rule of Law: http://www.un.org/en/ruleoflaw/index.shtml
• UNRIC Library Backgrounder – Rule of Law: https://unric.org/en/unric-library-backgrounder-rule-of-law/
• UNRIC Library Backgrounder on “Responsibility to Protect” (“RtoP” or “R2P”): https://unric.org/en/unric-library-backgrounder-r2p
• World Humanitarian Day, 19 August – WHD campaign: #NotATarget https://www.un.org/en/observances/humanitarian-day

Non-UN Sources

• International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) – Protecting civilians: https://www.icrc.org/en/war-and-law/protected-persons/civilians
• Security Council Report – Protection of Civilians: http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/protection-of-civilians/
• Security Council Report – Children and Armed Conflict: http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/children-and-armed-conflict/